[use case]
some time it is very useful if we can read special bits from a register in c code.
Things like the bits from position 4 to position 8 in a 32bits register.
In other case it could be more useful to rewrite the bits in a register, things like the bits from position 4 to postion 8 should habe a new hex value 0xf.
[Solution]
int bits_read(int reg, int pos, int width) {
// mask ~(~0 << width) should be like 0...0 1...1
return reg >> pos & ~(~0 << width);
}
this function can read the bits from a start position and with a width of the bits you would like to get from the start bit postion.
int bits_write(int reg, int pos, int width, int new_value) {
// create dynamic mask like 0...0 1...1 0...0
int mask = (~(~0 << width)) << pos;
return ( new_value << pos ) & mask | (reg & ~mask);
}
this function allows you to rewrite the bits from the start postion with a certain width of bits with the given new value.
[Reason]
why do we need this kind of function with dynamic masks?
The answer to this question is because the most time we don’t know how long is a register, ist it 8 bits or 32 bits. With these two funktion you can read and rewrite the subbits of a register and it works with register with what ever length.
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